RENAL STONE

Nephrolithiasis (calculous Renal disease) 

is a common multifactorial disease.

it occurs in 0.1 to 0.3 % of population.

Males being more affected then females especially in young individuals, age 18 - 45 yrs commonly affected.

STONE FORMATION

When calcium and oxalate is mixed in water it remains in dissolved state,

But addition of further calcium or oxalate which increase its concentration would lead to the growth of performed crystals, but solution remains clear.

Further addition of calcium and oxalate will lead to appearance of solid form or stone.

 

CALCIUM STONE

High content of stone forming substances, such as calcium, oxalate, phosphorus, urate and hydrogen are present un urine.

It can be prevented by stone inhibitors such as megnasium, citrate, nephrocalcin, osteopontin, pyrophosphate, and glycosaminoglycans.

CAUSES OF PRIMARY CALCIUM STONE

Hyper parathyroidism

Idiopathic hypercalciuria

Hyoeruricosuria

Renal tubular acidosis

Hyper oxyluria

Hypocitruria

Idiopathic lithiasis

CYSTINURIA

It is an inherited abnormality in amino acid transport affecting intestinal and renal tubular cells.

This defect leads to large amount of amino acid excreting in urine.

when urinary concentration of cystine exceeds 300 mg/ltr. it leads to precipitate forming stone.

STRUVITE STONE

Magnesium ammonium carbonate and apatite together form stuvite stone

These stones are formed in presence of chronic urinary tract infection with urease producing bacteria.

most common bacterias are proteus and providensia and other are klebsielia, pseudomonas, staphylococcus and congnebacterium.

urinary PH becomes alkaline which is an ideal condition for stone formation.

SYMPTOMS

No symptoms if the stone is very small or ot is inside the kidney,

But if it travells to ureter,  bladder, urethra

it causes a severe pain in abdomen,

nausea and vomiting,

lumbar pain,

heamaturia( blood in urine),

recurrent urinary tract infection.

INVESTIGATION

Basic blood and urine investigation required which gives clues forcauses of stone,

Diagnostic imaging technique helps in viewing the size, site of the stone,

ultrasound of kidneys to roule out if doubt of stone disease or stone complicated renal failure.

HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT

BERBERIS VULGARIS

This remedy is mainly useful for urinary system especially renal colic.

constant urging to urinate, sensation as if some urine remained after urinating with burning in bladder.

urine slow to slow pass,

greenish , bloody with mucus and jelly like sedimentation in urine.

especially suited to left sided from left kidney to ureter then to bladder and coming down to urethra.

severe pain during acute condition,

there may be heamaturia with soreness, and bloody , greenish urine wth jelly like sediments,

in chronic conditions, urine dark with copious sediment,

aggravated from movements

CANTHARIDES

In whatever disease or urinary complaints such as urethritis, cystitis or renal colic, gonorrhoea etc. it is an effective remedy.
constant urging to urinate, before , during and after micturation,
oversensitiveness of parts.
violent pain with frequent urging to urinate,
severe pain on urination so that patient screams on every drop of urine.
pain aggravated by drinking coffee or cold water,
ameliorated by rubbing warm application

LYCOPODIUM

It is a wonderful constitunal deep acting remedy for progressive chronic diseases.

it is quite suited to right renal colic 

child cries before urination

red sand in urine, urine is dark, red , albuminous.

during day scanty urine and copious and frequent at night.

severe backache which is relieved after urination.

aggravtion from  4-8 pm before urination

ameliorated after urination.

CLEMETIS ERECTA

It is very useful remedy for urinary troubles.

there is frequent , scanty dribbling urination with burning and sense of constipation in urethra,

patient has to wait a long time before he can urinate.

the flow is slow or interrupted,

pain worse at night.

SARSAPARILLA

It is an excellent remedy for urinary troubles, 

severe unbearable pain at the end of urination,

it is a right sided remedy 

child cries and screams before and during passing urine caused by the passage of small stones,

urine may be copious and bright dark red 

white sand in urine

painfull distention and tenderness of bladder,

air passes from the urethra,

aggravated by sitting and moving,

ameliorated by standing and rest.

BENZOIC ACID

It is a great remedy for urinary system,

urine is dark , brown and scanty with urinous odour highly intensified,

there is excess of uric acid in urine,

there is severe stitching and stabing like pain in bladder,

mostly left sided renal colic

THALAPSI BURSA

It is one of the anti uric acid remedies and useful in renal colic, chronic cystitis, dysuria, heamaturia and albuminuria during gestation.

frequent desire for urine with heavy urine containing brickdust , sediment and phosphates.